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语言学教程第五版胡壮麟精读精解_胡壮麟语言学教程感悟

第1章语言学导论
Duality (二重性)
Duality refers to ‘the property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the primarylevel are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of two levels has its ownprinciples of organization.”(Lyons,1981:20) The property of duality only exists in the systemwith both elements (e.g.sounds,letters) and units (e.g. words).Primary units 'words'(meaningful)consist of secondary units ‘sounds'(meaningless).
二重性是指拥有两层结构的这种属性,底层结构是上层结构的组成成分,每层都有自身的组合规则。二重性只存在于这样的系统之中,既有元素又有它们组合成的单位。上层单位"词”(有意义的)由底层单位“语音”(无意义的)组成。


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第1章语言学导论
Performative function (施为功能)
The performative function of language is mainly used to change people's social status,such as inwedding ceremony, the blessing of infants and the naming of ships at a voyage ceremony. In thesespeech acts, language is usually very formal,even ritualized.
语言的施为功能主要是用来改变人的社会地位,例如在婚礼、判刑,为孩子祈福和在首航仪式上为船命名、诅咒敌人。在这些言语行为中,语言通常是非常正式的,甚至是仪式化的。

By_____ is meant the property of having two levels of structures,such that units of theprimary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels has itsown principles of organization.[北二外2005研]
【答案】 duality
【解析】双重性是指拥有两层结构的这种属性,底层结构是上层结构的组成成分,每层都有自身的组合规则。

语言学教程胡壮麟语言是什么_胡壮麟的语言学教程金圣才


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