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语言学论述题及答案
第一部分 课后练习
第1章 语言的起源
Study questions
1. Why is it difficult to agree with Psammetichus that Phrygian must have been the original human language?
Key: Psammetichus left the infant to grow up among goats. This action caused the infant to imitate the sounds the goats were making. Psammetichus interpreted this sound as an actual word which was in reality just a “be”.
2. What is the basic idea behind the “bow-wow” theory of language origin?
Key: The basic idea behind the “bow-wow” theory is the natural sounds. Primitive words could have been imitations of natural sounds which men and women heard around them.
3. Why are interjections such as Ouch considered to be unlikely sources of human speech sounds?
Key: Interjections contain sounds that are not otherwise used in ordinary speech production. They are usually produced with sudden intakes of breath, which is the opposite of ordinary talk, produced on exhaled breath.
4. Where is the pharynx and how did it become an important part of human sound production?
Key: The pharynx is above the vocal cords (or voice box) which acts a resonator for sound produced via larynx.
5. Why do you think that young deaf children who become fluent in sign language would be cited in support of the innateness hypothesis?
Key: If all children, including born deaf can acquire language at about the same time they must be born with special capacity to do so. The conclusion is that it must be innate is to say genetically determined.
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