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语言学教程胡壮麟pdf_语言学教程 胡壮麟 试题

第1章语言学导论
Displacement(移位性)
Displacement refers to the fact that human language allows users to employ language symbols torepresent objects,events and concepts that are not accessible in time and space at the moment ofcommunication. The generalization and imagination given by displacement benefit human beingsimmensely.
移位性是指人类语言可以让使用者在交际时用语言符号代表时间上和空间上并不可及的物体、事件和观点。移位性赋予人们的概括和想象力使人类受益无穷。


查看完整版:  胡壮麟《语言学教程》第五版重点知识点及历年真题答案


第1章语言学导论
VI.Important concepts and their distinctions (重要概念及其区分)
Descriptive vs. Prescriptive(描写式与规定式)
Linguistics takes a descriptive approach to language: it tries to explain things as they actually are,not as we impose upon them other rules.Prescriptive linguistics aims to lay down rules about howa language should be used instead of how it is actually used.The distinction lies in describing howthings are and prescribing how things ought to be.
语言学对语言采取描述性的方法︰它试图解释事物的真实状态,而不是强加给他们其他的规则。规定式语言学旨在制定有关如何正确使用语言而不是实际使用语言的规则。它们最主要的区别就在于前者描述事情怎样而后者规定事情应该如何。

By_____ is meant the property of having two levels of structures,such that units of theprimary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels has itsown principles of organization.[北二外2005研]
【答案】 duality
【解析】双重性是指拥有两层结构的这种属性,底层结构是上层结构的组成成分,每层都有自身的组合规则。

语言学教程胡壮麟网课_胡壮麟语言学教程总结


查看完整版:  胡壮麟《语言学教程》第五版重点知识点及历年真题答案





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