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新编语言学教程刘润清中文翻译
第1章导言
1.2 课后习题详解
1. Define the following terms briefly.
(1) linguistics
Key: Linguistics is the scientific or systemic study of language. (It is a science in the sense that it
scientifically studies the rules, systems and principles of human languages. It deals with a wide range
of linguistic phenomena, analyzes them, and makes general statements about them.)
Key: Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.
(3) arbitrariness
Key: Language is arbitrary. As a design feature of human language, arbitrariness refers to the fact
that there is no logical or intrinsic connection between a particular sound and the meaning it is
associated with. The relationship between the sounds and their meaning is quite accidental. The
onomatopoeic words are exceptions.
(4) duality
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